2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

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Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are critical cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that play an important role in the host innate immune response and immunity homeostasis. There are 23 NLR family members in humans and at least 34 NLR genes in mice. NLRs are expressed in many cell types including immune cells and epithelial cells, although certain NLR family members are expressed primarily in phagocytes including macrophages and neutrophils. The NLR family are most commonly classified according to their N-terminal domain, falling into one of four subfamilies; NLRA, NLRB, NLRC and NLRP.

The NLRs recognize various ligands from microbial pathogens (peptidoglycan, flagellin, viral RNA, fungal hyphae, etc.), host cells (ATPs, cholesterol crystals, uric acid, etc.), and environmental sources (alum, asbestos, silica, alloy particles, UV radiation, skin irritants, etc.). Most NLRs act as PRRs, recognizing the above ligands and activate inflammatory responses. However, some NLRs may not act as PRRs but instead respond to cytokines such as interferons. The activated NLRs show various functions that can be divided into four broad categories: inflammasome formation, signaling transduction, transcription activation, and autophagy.

NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoform Specific Products:

NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-100573S
    Necrosulfonamide-d4
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    Necrosulfonamide-d4 is the deuterium labeled Necrosulfonamide (HY-100573). Necrosulfonamide is a MLKL and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) inhibitor, capable of separately inhibiting necroptosis and pyroptosis of cells. Necrosulfonamide does not affect the activation of upstream signals, but specifically inhibits the downstream executor oligomerization step. Necrosulfonamide reduces the expression of the key kinases NLRP3 and caspase-1 involved in necroptosis and pyroptosis, activate the Nrf2 pathway and the downstream antioxidant enzymes, and also downregulates a variety of inflammatory factors. Necrosulfonamide plays significant roles in various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson’s disease), tissue damage and ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis and fracture repair, and hair loss by regulating two important programmed necrosis pathways.
    Necrosulfonamide-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-164853
    Kanglexin
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    Kanglexin is an orally active and novel anthraquinone compound. Kanglexin inhibits NLRP3 inflammatory body activation and cell pyroptosis, and has a cardioprotective effect. Kanglexin promotes angiogenesis through FGFR1/ERK signaling pathway and accelerates diabetic wound healing. In addition, Kanglexin has the effect of lipid-lowering and inhibiting the dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and can be used in the study of hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and atherosclerosis.
    Kanglexin
  • HY-13682C
    Mifamurtide TFA
    		98.0%
    Mifamurtide TFA (MTP-PE TFA), an analog of the muramyl dipeptide (MDP), is a nonspecific immunomodulator by stimulating the immune response activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide TFA is a specific ligand for NOD2 and acts as an insulin sensitizer. Mifamurtide TFA has potential for use in rare disease and osteosarcoma research.
    Mifamurtide TFA
  • HY-175278
    BAL-1516
    		Inhibitor
    BAL-1516 is an orally active NLRP3 inhibitor with human NLRP3 Kd of 14.2 nM, mouse NLRP3 Kd of 200 nM, and blood-brain barrier penetration.BAL-1516 binds to a surface groove of the NLRP3 nucleotide-binding domain, contacts FISNA and WHD subdomains, forms three hydrogen bonds to the peripheral β-strand of the triple-ATPase, and does not alter NLRP3 ATP-hydrolysis activity.BAL-1516 shows specificity for NLRP3 over other NOD-like receptors, directly binds mouse NLRP3, and inhibits inflammasome formation in monocytes and microglia.
    BAL-1516
  • HY-W011082
    NLRP3-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 98.00%
    NLRP3-IN-2, an intermediate substrate in the synthesis of glyburide, inhibits the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiomyocytes and limits the infarct size following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in the mouse, without affecting glucose metabolism.
    NLRP3-IN-2
  • HY-174270
    NLRP3-IN-79
    		Inhibitor 99.10%
    NLRP3-IN-79 is an orally active NLRP3 inhibitor. NLRP3-IN-79 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome with an IC50 of 10.69 nM. NLRP3-IN-79 blocks NLRP3 inflammasome assembly by directly binding to NLRP3 and disrupting the NEK7-NLRP3 interaction. NLRP3-IN-79 can be used for the study of NLRP3-driven diseases model, including systemic inflammation, peritonitis, and colitis.
    NLRP3-IN-79
  • HY-158024A
    (S)-NDT-19795
    		Inhibitor
    (S)-NDT-19795 is a potent NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. (S)-NDT-19795 blocks NLRP3 activation by inhibiting NLRP3 ATPase activity, thereby reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. (S)-NDT-19795 can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
    (S)-NDT-19795
  • HY-137245A
    Emlenoflast sodium
    		Inhibitor 98.31%
    Emlenoflast (MCC7840) sodium, a sulfonylurea, is a potent and selective inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, with an IC50 of <100 nM. Emlenoflast sodium can be used for the research of inflammatory diseases.
    Emlenoflast sodium
  • HY-117432
    JC-171
    		Inhibitor 98.06%
    JC-171 is a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.45 μM for inhibiting LPS/ATP-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release from J774A.1 macrophages.
    JC-171
  • HY-16569S1
    Colchicine-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.24%
    Colchicine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Colchicine. Colchicine is a tubulin inhibitor and a microtubule disrupting agent. Colchicine inhibits microtubule polymerization with an IC50 of 3 nM. Colchicine is also a competitive antagonist of the α3 glycine receptors (GlyRs).
    Colchicine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-156034
    JT001
    		Inhibitor
    JT001 (NLRP3-IN-19) is a potent, specific and orally active inhibitor of NLRP3. JT001 can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, resulting in the inhibition of cytokine release and the prevention of pyroptosis. JT001 can be used for the research of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis.
    JT001
  • HY-153554
    NLRP3-IN-18
    		Inhibitor 98.06%
    NLRP3-IN-18 (compound 13) is a potent NLRP3 inhibitor with an IC50 value of ≤1.0 µM.
    NLRP3-IN-18
  • HY-111662
    Fc 11a-2
    		Inhibitor 99.75%
    Fc 11a-2, a benzimidazole compound, is an orally active and potent NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Fc 11a-2 restrains the formation of NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting activation of caspase-1 and thus the activation of IL-1b/IL-18. Fc 11a-2 prevents the development of Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS; HY-116282C)-induced murine experimental colitis.
    Fc 11a-2
  • HY-113224R
    Desmosterol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Desmosterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Desmosterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Desmosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. In the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, Desmosterol is a direct precursor of cholesterol. As an endogenous metabolite, Desmosterol is used to study cholesterol metabolism [1]. Desmosterol is an LXR activator and SREBP inhibitor, which can suppress macrophage inflammasome activation and prevent vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. A reduction in Desmosterol promotes the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages and pyrin domain-dependent inflammasome activation of NLRP3. Desmosterol holds potential for research in inflammation, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases [1][2][3].
    Desmosterol (Standard)
  • HY-158024B
    (rac)-NDT-19795
    		Inhibitor 99.34%
    (rac)-NDT-19795 is the racemate of NDT-19795 (HY-158024). NDT-19795 is an effective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome with an IC50 value of 66 nM in the PBMC method and 4.7 μM in the WB method. NDT-19795 is a carboxylic acid-active substance that can be converted from NT-0796 (HY-156438) within cells. NDT-19795 can be used for the studies of inflammation and neurological diseases.
    (rac)-NDT-19795
  • HY-P6084
    RP-220
    		Inhibitor
    RP-220 is a renalase peptide targeting NLRP3. RP220 has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. RP220 inhibits renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis with alkaline insult by activating MAPK signaling pathway. RP220 significantly inhibits NLRP3 expression and reduces macrophage infiltration and kidney tissue damage in acute kidney injury (AKI) mice model. RP-220 can be uses for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its complication lupus nephritis (LN) research.
    RP-220
  • HY-N0139R
    Troxerutin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Troxerutin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Troxerutin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a tri-hydroxyethylated derivative of natural bioflavonoid rutins which can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depress ER stress-mediated NOD activation.
    Troxerutin (Standard)
  • HY-162588
    MC-ND-18
    		Degrader
    MC-ND-18 is an ATTEC degrader that degrades NLRP3 via the Autophagy pathway, with a DC50 of 125.5 nM in THP-1 cells. MC-ND-18 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in a DSS-induced mouse model of colitis. MC-ND-18 can be used for research on inflammatory bowel disease. MC-ND-18 consists of an NLRP3 inhibitor (HY-156121), a linker (HY-W018745), and an LC3 ligand.
    MC-ND-18
  • HY-P5544A
    M-TriDAP TFA
    		Agonist
    M-TriDAP (N-Acetylmuramyl-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-meso-diaminopimelic acid) TFA is a NOD1/2 agoist and biological active peptide.
    M-TriDAP TFA
  • HY-P2275B
    Peptide5 TFA
    		Inhibitor 98.87%
    Peptide5 TFA, a connexin 43 mimetic peptide, reduces animals swelling, astrogliosis, and neuronal cell death after spinal cord injury. Peptide5 TFA also inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome, and is an anti-inflammatory agent.
    Peptide5 TFA
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoform Comparison

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